The global pharma market is said to be worth $1.3 trillion, composed of patented and generic medications of all kinds.

Some, like vaccines, have "active pharmaceutical ingredients" which mean that they are perishable and often require specific storage and carriage conditions.

The global supply chain is complex with multiple actors. The biggest challenges it faces are matching supply to demand, maintaining complete batch traceability to protect public health and brand confidence, safely moving cargo between modes and the differing distribution methods employed in different territories.

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